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Equities & Finance Glossary – Terms Starting with O
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Terms Starting with O
Officer A person holding the position of company officer (i.e., Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Operating Officer (COO)). A person can hold more than one officer title at a company.
On-Balance Volume (OBV) An indicator relating volume to price change. On-Balance Volume is a running total of volume calculated by adding the day's volume to a cumulative total when the security's price closes up, and subtracting the day's volume when the price closes down. When the security closes higher than the previous close, all of the day's volume is considered up volume. When the security closes lower than the previous close, all of the day's volume is considered down volume.
On-Balance Volume Index The ratio of shares traded to upward price movement. The On-Balance Volume Index was developed to help spot stocks moving higher on increasing volume—a sign of developing interest in the company on Wall Street. The daily volume and price change for the latest four weeks are compared with the same data for the previous four weeks, then related to trading on days when the stock's price rose. The On-Balance Volume Index is higher for stocks moving up on increasing volume, and can be an indication of significant buying activity.
1-Year Return The average one-year load-adjusted return for a mutual fund for last year, updated monthly.
Operating Margin A company's profitability before non-cash charges for a specified period. The operating margin is calculated by dividing EBITDA (earnings before interest expense, taxes, depreciation, and amortization) by 100. Operating margin is a measure of a company's operating efficiency. Time periods measured include:
Most Recent Quarter (MRQ) as an annualized figure Trailing Twelve Months (TTM) 5 Year Average
Opportunity Type An event that represents a long, short, or other opportunity, depending on the characteristics of the particular event.
Long refers to rising prices, while short refers to falling prices. You benefit from a long position if the stock price rises, and you benefit from a short position if the stock price falls. Other Opportunity Types include short-term patterns that mark an event, such as the end of an uptrend or downtrend.
Options A right to buy or sell shares at a guaranteed price for a specific period of time. With a call option, the buyer has the right to buy shares of the underlying security at a specific price for a specified time period. With a put option, the buyer has the right to sell shares of the underlying security at a specified price for a specified period of time.
When using the ETF Evaluator, a Yes/No in the Options column indicates whether there are options available for an Exchange Traded Fund (ETF). If options are available, a link to the option chain is provided.
Educational materials are provided by the Options Industry Council (OIC) and Chicago Board Options Exchange (CBOE®).
Oscillator Pattern Oscillator Patterns are based on mathematical formulas that incorporate historical or recent prices of a stock, and include KST, MACD, Momentum, and RSI. An oscillator compares a security's smoothed price with its price n periods ago. The value of oscillators can vary greatly depending on the number of time periods used during calculation.
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