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Equities & Finance Glossary – Terms Starting with C
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Terms Starting with C
Capital Spending Growth The change in the money spent by a company to upgrade physical assets, such as buildings, computers, and machinery, for a specific time period (Last 5 Years).
Capital Spending Growth can be used to indicate if company is investing in its future. Companies building new factories, laboratories, or data centers are planning for the future, because only rarely will such capital expenditures help increase sales or decrease costs in the year in which the spending occurs.
Cash Balance A cash dollar amount you enter and track in a watch list. Cash Balance displays when you view a watch list as a separate total, and also as part of the total watch list value when using the Gain/Loss view. Cash Balance is not applicable to the watch lists that are automatically provided for each of your accounts.
Cash Flow Growth The rate at which a company's cash flow increases over a specified period. Time periods include:
TTM versus Prior TTM Cash flow growth from the most recent four quarters (or Trailing Twelve Months (TTM)) compared to cash flow growth from the previous trailing twelve month period. Last 5 Years
Cash Flow is often considered the most accurate measure of a company's financial health. If you are looking for companies that are growing, but are worried about using earnings growth because of the games that companies have played with their earnings numbers, you can use the Cash Flow Growth rate instead.
Cash/Price Ratio Cash a company has converted into cash per share divided by the price per share. A Cash/Price Ratio of 0.25 means that 25% of the price you are paying for a share of the stock is covered by cash the company has on hand.
Usually, the cash a company has is insignificant relative to the value of the company. Sometimes, like after an IPO, a company has a significant amount of cash. A high Cash/Price Ratio might mean that you are getting a good deal on the business, or it might mean that other investors are worried the company is not going to spend its cash appropriately.
Category Groupings of investment products based on investment objective. Generally, investment categories often include these basic categories:
Cap/Style designations Large Value, Large Blend, Large Growth, Mid Value, Mid Blend, Mid Growth, Small Value, Small Blend, Small Growth Sectors Consumer Discretionary, Consumer Staples, Energy, Financials, Health Care, Industrials, Information Technology, Materials, Telecommunication Services, Utilities Regions USA, Americas, Europe, Asia/Pacific, Global, Emerging Markets Investment categories designated by Fidelity may not match investment categories designated by third parties, and may differ depending on investment product.
Change For stock, option, mutual fund and money market quotes, the change in the price of the security or fund since the previous day's close, in dollars. For indexes, change is the nominal change in the price of the index from the previous trading day's close.
Channel Trend Channel Trend, Inc. was founded in 1982 to provide stock research to a broad range of institutional and professional investment managers. The firm employs a systematic, disciplined research process, involving a unique combination of fundamental analysis, risk analysis, and price behavior analysis to discover buy, hold, and sell candidates from approximately 1,600 of the largest U.S. companies. These recommendations reflect Channel Trend's performance expectations for a stock over the next 12 months. Buy candidates exhibit strong outperformance potential, while sell candidates exhibit strong underperformance potential.
BUY Most Favorable Expected to outperform the Standard & Poor's 500 (S&P 500) and be among the stocks with the highest returns BUY Favorable Expected to outperform the S&P 500 and have above-average returns HOLD Neutral Expected to perform in line with the S&P 500 and have similar returns SELL Unfavorable Expected to underperform the S&P 500 and have below-average returns SELL Most Unfavorable Expected to underperform the S&P 500 and be among the stocks with the lowest returns
Classic Pattern In Technical Analysis, patterns that typically have a horizon greater than 12 days and that have distinct price swings which form distinctive patterns. Classic pattern names often reflect the shape of the formation (Double Top, Double Bottom, Head and Shoulders Top, Ascending Triangle, and so on).
Classification Broad Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) groupings, including Equity, Fixed Income, Commodity, Currency, and Other.
Close At Event The price of the financial instrument at the close of trading on the day that the event was detected. The close price is set as the last trading price before the exchange or market on which it is traded closes for the day. Because of after-hours trading, the opening price at the start of the next trading day may differ from the closing price on the previous trading day.
Columbine Capital Major investment advisors, mutual funds, banks, and other institutional investors worldwide have been using the work of Columbine Capital Services since 1976. Wholly owned by its professionals, with no investment banking or brokerage business, Columbine provides a source of objective, bottom-up analysis for evaluating specific companies. Columbine's stock recommendations are the product of a disciplined, consistent company evaluation process developed through the firm's own intensive studies of the fundamental sources of stock performance in each economic sector. This hard-earned knowledge provides the foundation for a step-by-step analytical process that allows direct comparisons between one company and another.
Columbine's analysis culminates in a forecast of a company's return relative to the market over the next 12 months. Each stock is ranked against its peers on this forecast. The resulting rating forms the basis for Columbine's recommendation.
Most Favorable Strongly outperform the market Favorable Outperform the market Neutral Perform in line with the market Unfavorable Underperform the market Most Unfavorable Strongly underperform the market Stocks rated Most Favorable or Favorable receive a BUY recommendation, Neutral produces a HOLD recommendation, and Unfavorable and Most Unfavorable produce a SELL recommendation.
Commodity Trust A type of Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) structured as a trust, which holds the physical commodity (e.g., gold) or foreign currency, and issues shares representing fractional undivided beneficial interests in its net assets. These are generally considered ETFs.
Common Equity Refers to the amount of the company's book value (or Shareholders' Equity) comprised of common stock.
Common Shares Outstanding The net number of all common shares outstanding at year-end, excluding treasury shares and scrip. Common treasury shares carried on the asset side of the balance sheet are netted against the number of common shares issued. Common shares paid in stock dividends are included when the ex-dividend date falls within the year and the payment date the next year.
Common Shares Outstanding will not be the same as Common Shares for Basic Earnings per Share in a few instances. For example:
When the company reports earnings per share based on average shares. When there has been a change in the shares over the year. When more than one class of common stock is outstanding. When the company reports earnings per share based on common stock equivalents. Common shares will be excluded when a company nets shares held by a consolidated subsidiary against the capital account. Data is represented in millions of shares on a quarterly basis.
Company Research Highlights Company Research Highlights is a special stock report, available only from Fidelity, that gathers together important, up-to-date information from third-party analysts. If you're logged into Fidelity.com, Company Research Highlights is available when you evaluate a stock. Reports are updated once each business day and once over the weekend. The report includes:
Company vitals and contact information A three-year price performance chart Analyst recommendations from Investars, ranked for accuracy by StarMine Significant news and news headlines Technical data Earnings estimates and earnings history Industry comparisons
Composite Quote A composite quote lists the last trade, best bid and ask, and volume for all exchanges where a security trades.
Consensus Rec. (Current) A quantitative measure of the average analyst recommendation for a given stock. Each individual analyst recommendation (buy, hold, sell, etc.) for a given stock is translated into a number, and these numbers are averaged.
The sell-side analysts that follow a stock tend to follow companies that they like. It costs money for them to follow a company, and there is not a big benefit for them to follow a company that they think their clients should sell. As a result, the consensus recommendation is biased toward buy. This means that if the consensus recommendation is good, you should check out the other recommendations as well; if the consensus recommendation is bad, you should be careful.
Coupon Commonly a security's interest rate.
Coverage Dropped When a research firm or analyst no longer covers a particular stock (or the sector in which the stock resides). Reasons include the analyst or firm no longer covers the sector, the analyst covering the stock left the firm, or the firm decided not to include the stock any longer within its coverage universe.
Coverage Initiated When a research firm or analyst issues a first rating on a particular stock. This could be due to an initial public offering (IPO), a new analyst joining the firm, or a change in an analyst's coverage universe.
Creation/Redemption The process by which Authorized Participants transact directly with the Exchange Traded Funds (ETF) on an "in kind" basis. Creations/Redemptions involve delivering a specified basket of securities to the fund in exchange for ETF shares, and vice versa. They involve an "in kind" transfer of securities, a transaction that is not a taxable event for the fund, which allows imbalances between supply and demand to be satisfied while minimizing any adverse taxable effect upon existing ETF shareholders and minimizing the premium/discount between the market price of the ETF and its underlying NAV.
Cumulative Total Return Cumulative total return reflects actual performance over a stated period of time.
Currency The trading currency for a security. For example, USD for United States dollars.
Currency Trust A type of exchange traded security, structured as a trust, which holds the physical commodity (e.g., gold) or foreign currency and issues shares representing fractional undivided beneficial interests in its net assets. These are generally considered Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs).
Current Assets Cash and other assets that are expected to be realized in cash or used in the production of revenue within the next 12 months, including cash, short-term investments, inventories, and receivables.
Current Consensus Earnings Estimate The First Call current quarter consensus estimates are calculated from analysts' earnings expectations for a particular company.
Current Liabilities Items owed by a company within one year, including interest owed on long-term debt. Note that this item is not available for banks.
Current Ratio Current assets divided by current liabilities. Current ratio is an indication of a company's ability to meet short-term debt obligations.
The lower the current ratio, the more likely that the company will have trouble meeting its current obligations. If a company can't meet its current obligations, it might be forced to file for bankruptcy, which usually renders the stock worthless.
Current Recommendation (Actual) The current actual recommendation provided directly by a research firm. Actual recommendations often differ from firm to firm. For example, an Argus Research recommendation of Strong Buy is equivalent to a Lehman Brothers recommendation of Overweight.
Current Recommendation (Normalized) Actual recommendations are collected and normalized, or standardized, to a common recommendation scale by Investars. The Investars scale identifies consolidated recommendations as Buy, Outperform, Neutral, Underperform, and Sell.
Current Share Price The most recent market price of the shares in question. Prices are delayed 20 minutes if you are not logged in.
CUSIP An identification number assigned to an investment product, like a stock or a registered bond, by the Committee on Uniform Security Identification Procedures.
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